Fibromyalgia Overview:
Definition: A chronic condition affecting the musculoskeletal system, characterized by widespread pain, insomnia, fatigue, and memory problems, with a possible association with depression.
ICD-10 code: M79.7
Types of pain associated with fibromyalgia:
Chest pain: May mimic a heart attack, with sharp, stabbing pain originating in the cartilage that connects the ribs to the sternum.
Back pain: Usually mild and painful, similar to pain resulting from muscle strain or arthritis.
Leg pain: Felt in the muscles and soft tissues, including a deep, throbbing pain or burning sensation.
Symptoms of fibromyalgia:
Diffuse pain: Dull, aching pain that lasts for at least three months, spreading to both sides of the body and above and below the waist.
Fatigue: constant fatigue, even after adequate sleep.
Cognitive difficulties: “fibro fog” that affects concentration, attention, memory lapses, and alertness.
Other symptoms: lower abdominal pain or dull ache, dry eyes, bladder problems, mood and energy swings.
Fibromyalgia and autoimmunity:
Symptoms overlap with autoimmune diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis), but there are no autoantibodies or evidence of inflammation in fibromyalgia.
Possible causes of fibromyalgia:
Previous injury: triggers symptoms of fibromyalgia.
Infections: Epstein-Barr virus, influenza viruses, shigella, and salmonella may contribute.
Physical and mental trauma: Develops in people with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Long-term stress: Prolonged stress on the body can lead to fibromyalgia.